Yellow fever	See map		Bite of infective mosquitoes		Fever, chills, headache, muscle pain, prostration, jaundice, haemorrhagic symptoms, renal failure		Symptomatic		Half
Malaria or Paludism	See map		Bite of infective mosquitoes		Fever, chills, sweats, cough, diarrhoea, headache, May progress to icterus, coagulation defects, shock, renal and liver failure, acute encephalopathy, coma and death.		Efficacious if early diagnosis is made and specific treatment is administered.		High
Dengue Fever(Breakbone fever)	Tropical areas		Bite of infective mosquitoes		Fever, intense headache, myalgia, arthralgia, retro-orbital pain, anorexia, gastrointestinal disturbances and rash		Symptomatic		High
African trypanosimiasis(Sleeping sickness)	Tropical africa		Bite of infective Tsetse fly		Painful chancre at the primary tsetse fly bite site, fever, intense headache, enlarged lymph nodes, somnolence and signs referable to the CNS		Efficacious if early diagnosis is made.Severe adverse side effects		HalfHigh in big game in nature reserves
American trypanosomiasis(Chagas disesases)	Central and South America		Through feces of infected vectors		Acute disease: Fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegalyIrreversible chronic manifestations: Cardiac and intestinal tract involvement		Poor efficacious		Low
Plague (Pestis)	Western half of the USA; large arees of South America, north-central, eastern and southern Africa, central and Southeast Asia		Bites or scratches of rodent fleas		Fever, chills, malaise, myalgia, nausea, postration, sore throat and headache, lymphadenitis and pneumonia		Efficacious		Very Low
Other diseases: Filariasis (several species), Japanese encephalitis, Tickborne Rickettsioses, Leishmaniasis, Haemorrhagic fevers, Typhus fever
Prevention of diseases which are transmitted by arthropods:    1. Use mosquito nets and insect repellents on your body and clothes.    2. Use clothes which cover all parts of your body especially at sunrise and nightfall.    3. In Yellow Fever zones: Vaccination. In Malaria zones: Correct chemoprophylaxis.

Amoebiasis(Amebiasis)	Tropical areas		Fever, chills and bloody or mucoid diarrhoea (amoebic dysentery)		Efficacious		High
Cholera	Widespread		Profuse painless watery stools, dehydration, acidosis and cramps		Efficacious if early diagnosis is made		High
Typhoid fever(Enteric fever, Typhus abdominalis)Paratyphoid fever	World-wide		Fever, severe headache, malaise, anorexia, constipation more commonly than diarrhoea (in adults)		Efficacious		High
ShigellosisBacillary dysentery)	World-wide		Fever, nausea, vomiting, cramps an tenesmus and bloody or mucoid diarrhoea		Symptomatic		High
Viral Hepatitis A(Infectious hepatitis, Epidemic hepatitis, Epidemic jaundice, Catarrhal jaundice, Type A hepatitis, HA)	World-wide		Fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea, abdominal discomfort and jaundice		Symptomatic		High
Traveller's Diarrhoea	World-wide		Mild or profuse diarrhoea depending on the aetiology		Efficacious		High
Prophylaxis for diseases which are transmitted orally:    1. Do not drink water from an unsafe source or put ice-cubes in drinks.    2. Do not eat salads, vegetables, raw meat or fish without being sure about hygiene levels.    3. Do not eat raw river crabs in endemic paragonimiasis zones.    4. Vaccination against typhoid fever and Hepatitis A.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV infection, AIDS)	Worlwide		Infected people may be free of clinical signs or symptoms for many months to years. Progressive damage to the immune systems		Specific measures for the opportunistic diseases that result from HIV infection		It depends on the traveller's behaviours
Syphilis(Lues)	Worlwide		Painless ulcer at the site of initial invasion, lymph node, maculopapular rash, fever, headache		Efficacious if early diagnosis is made		It depends on the traveller's behaviours
Gonorrhoea(Clap, Strain, Gleet, Dose, GC)	Worlwide		In females: Asymptomatic or mild vaginal discharge In males: Purulent discharge from the anterior urethra with dysuria		Efficacious		It depends on the traveller's behaviours
Viral Hepatitis B(Type B hepatitis, Serum hepatitis, Homologous serum jaundice, Australia antigen hepatitis, HB)	Worlwide		Anorexia, vague abdominal discomfort, nausea and vomiting, often progressing to jaundice. Fever may be absent or mild.		Symptomatic		It depends on the traveller's behaviours
Scabies(Sarcoptic itch, Acariasis)	Worlwide		Intense itching, papules, vesicles, or tiny linear burrows		Efficacious		It depends on the traveller's behaviours
Prophylaxis for diseases which are transmitted through sexual relations or contact with blood:    1. Avoid promiscuous and high risk sexual relations (with prostitutes).    2. Use preservatives correctly    3. If you have to have a blood transfusion, ensure that the blood has been analysed for HIV, VHB and Syphilis.    4. Avoid tattooing, ear piercing, exchanging syringes etc.

Schistosomiasis(Bilharziasis, Snail fever)	Swimming or wading in water		Itch, hepatic or intestinal or urinary manifestations (depending on specie)		Efficacious		High
Rabies(Hydrophobia, Lyssa)	By an animal bite or scratch. (Rarely airborne spread)		Neurological manifestations		Efficacious if early diagnosis is made		Half
Tetanus(Lockjaw)	Through a puncture wound contaminated		Neurological manifestations		Poor efficacious		Half
Tuberculosis(TB)	From person-to-person. Ingestion of unpasteurized milk or dairy products		Slight fever, cough, headache		Efficacious		Half
Meningococcal meningitis	From person-to-person, by direct contact		Fever, headache, stiff neck, delirium and coma		Widespread Efficacious		Low
Most important prophylaxis for these diseases:    1. Do not walk barefoot    2. Do not bathe in or splash yourself with water from rivers or lakes in schistosomiasis infected zones.    3. If you suffer jet lag take a light sleeping pill and rest after the journey.    4. Avoid contact with unknown animals..    5. If you travel by boat take a medicine against travel sickness.